A long time ago (about 100 years back), there was a Russian mathematician named Andrey Markov (a serious man who loved puzzles more than PokΓ©mon).
People back then thought:
βIf events are independent (like rolling dice), you can do maths on them. But if they are dependent (like todayβs weather affecting tomorrowβs), it is too messy.β
Markov was like:
βWait, what if I make a new kind of maths where the next thing can depend on the last thing β but only the last thing? Not the whole past.β
So he invented a system where you only need to look at where you are right now (that is enough to predict the chances of where you will be next). Enter the Markov chain. He tested his idea by looking at a really long poem (Pushkinβs Eugene Onegin). He counted how often vowels and consonants followed each other β like making a PokΓ©mon map, but with letters.
So instead of βPikachu β Bulbasaur,β he had βVowel β Consonant.β
